TASK 5 AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE AGREEMENT

I. AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT

5.Catherine is studying (A) law (B) at the university (C), and so does John (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. So does john

Analysis: Because the sentence is affirmative agreement, there should be additional word is before word does. So the revision is Catherine is studying law at the university, and so is John.

7. Mary and her (A) sister studied (B) biology last year (C), and so does Jean (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. So did jean

Analysis: Because the sentence is affirmative agreement, there should be additional word did before word does. So the revision is Mary and her sister studied biology last year, and so did Jean.

15. They are (A) going to have to(B) leave soon (C), and so do (D) we

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. So do

Analysis: Because the sentence is affirmative agreement, there should be additional word are before word do. So the revision is They are going to have to leave soon, and so are we.

II. NEGATIVE AGREEMENT

1.      George has not (A) completed the assignment (B) yet (C), and marian hasn’t neither(D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. Hasn’t neither

Analysis: Because the sentence is negative agreement, the word hasn;t neither should be either, So the revision is George has not completed the assignment yet, and marian hasn’t either.

3. He isn’t driving (A) to The (B) convention in march (C), and neither they are (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. Neither they are

Analysis: Because the sentence is negative agreement, the word hasn;t neither they are be neither are they, So the revision is He isn’t driving to The convention in march, and neither are they.

9. this table is not sturdy enough(A) to support (B) a television, and that one(C) probably isnt neither(D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. Neither

Analysis: Because the sentence is negative agreement, the word neither be neither are either, So the revision is this table is not sturdy enough to support  a television, and that one probably isnt either.

TASK 4 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

I.                   Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order the sentence to be correct.

2.  No one would have attended (A) the lecture if you told (B) the truth about (C) the guest speaker (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: B. Told

Analysis: Because the sentence is not real condition, there should be additional word had before word told. So the revision is No one would have attended the lecture if you had told the truth about the guest speaker.

4.      If Rudy would have studied (A) German in college (B), he would not have found the scientific (C) terminology  so difficult to understand (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: A. Would have studied

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word would have studied to be had studied. So the revision is If Rudy had studied German in college, he would not have found the scientific terminology  so difficult to understand.

6.       If a crisis would occur (A), those unfamiliar (B) with the (C) procedures would not know how to handle (D) the situation.

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: A. Would occur

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word would occur to be occured. So the revision is If a crisis occured, those unfamiliar with the procedures would not know how to handle the situation.

8.         The (A) political candidate talked as if she has (B) already been elected (C) to the (D) presidency.

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: B. Has

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word has to be had. So the revision is The political candidate talked as if she had already been elected to the presidency.

10.     It motorists do not observe (A)  the (B) traffic regulations, they (C) will be stopped, ticketed, and have to pay a fine (D).

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: D. Have to pay a fine

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word have to pay a fine to be will be fine. So the revision is It motorists do not observe  the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and will be fine.

12.  Jane said sh would borrow (A) me (B) her new movie camera if i wanted (C) to use it on my trip (D) to Europe.

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: A. borrow

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word borrow to be lend. So the revision is Jane said sh would lend me her new movie camera if i wanted to use it on my trip to Europe.

14.         Daniel said that if he had to (A) do another(B) homework tonight, he would not be able (C) to attend (D) the concert.

Answer and analysis:

Incorrect is: B. another

Analysis: Because the sentence is an unreal condition, should the word another to be anymore. So the revision is Daniel said that if he had to do anymore homework tonight, he would not be able to attend the concert.

5 Multiple Choices About Preposition

1.

Alice : Hi Adam! Do you know where my mother is?

Adam : She’s ……. the theatre.

A . Under

B . At

C . In

D . On

Jawaban: B. Kenapa jawabannya B = At? Dalam bahasa Inggris, preposisi at selalu digunakan untuk posisi (seseorang). Terkadang, banyak orang bingung memilih menggunakan preposisi at atau in. Gunakan at jika sedang melakukan sesuatu (menonton drama, membaca buku, dll). Gunakan in jika (seseorang atau benda) sedang berada di dalam bangunan atau tempat tanpa melakukan apapun kecuali jika terdapat verb.

2.

Alice : I had five pounds ...... my pocket.

Adam : Poor you. Then, should I treat you for this time?

A . In

B . At

C . On

D . Below

Jawaban: A. Kenapa jawabannya A = In? Nah, sudah dijelaskan bahwa in menerangkan tentang posisi benda didalam suatu tempat. Preposisi in digunakan di ruang atau benda tiga dimensi. Saku atau kantong merupakan tiga dimensi. 

3.

Alice : Where did you go? I couldn’t find you. 

Adam : I’m sorry. I went home to put my pictures ...... the wall.

A . Above

B . On

C . In

D . At

Jawaban: B. Kenapa jawabannya B = on? Nah, jika preposisi in digunakan pada benda tiga dimensi, preposisi on terbatas untuk benda dua dimensi seperti tembok, lantai, dll. Kita menggunakan preposisi on untuk permukaan benda. 

4.

Alice : The pipe was three metres ...... the ground.

Adam : What? Are you serious?

A . Above

B . Over

C . Below

D . Under

Jawaban: C. Kenapa jawabannya C = Below? Dalam soal diatas, kita tau bahwa benda atau objek yang dibicarakan adalah pipa. Umumnya, pipa terletak dibawah tanah. Jadi, below adalah jawaban yang tepat. Preposisi lain seperti over digunakan untuk jumlah (it’s over 20,000), pergerakan (he jumps over the wall), dll. Above (diatas) adalah lawan kata dari below dan under (kurang dari) merupakan lawan kata dari over.

5.

Alice : I saw a stranger ...... the trees there. 

Adam : So did I. He seemed about doing something suspicious.

A . Among

B . Between

C . In front of

D . Behind

Jawaban: A. Kenapa jawabannya A = Among? Karena jika terletak diantara banyak orang atau benda, maka wajib memakai among. Between digunakan jika diantara dua benda atau orang. Sedangkan in front of dan behind digunakan untuk menunjuk letak suatu benda. In front of berarti di depan sedangkan behind adalah lawan kata dari in front of yang memiliki arti di belakang.

Referensi : http://carabisabahasainggris.com/contoh-soal-preposition-dalam-bahasa-inggris.html

5 Multiple Choices About Subject and Verb

 Example 1:

Tata    : Hei Dani! Long time no see! Where have you been lately?

Dani    : Hei Tata! I am just continuing my study abroad.

Tata    : Oh I see. So, what are you doing here in the market?

Dani    : I just waiting for my mom. She ……… some vegetables there.

a. Is working           
b. Sells      
c. Is buying     
d. Go

Jawaban: C. Kenapa C? Alasannya adalah karena is buying adalah jawaban yang paling tepat. Hal ini dikarenakan, katabuy pada pilihan C termasuk dalam kata yang memerlukan objek atau Transitive Verb. Sedangkan pilihan A, termasuk dalam Intransitive Verb atau kata yang tidak memerlukan objek atau kata yang tidak memerlukan penjelas. Pilihan B maupun D juga tidak memungkinkan, karena pada pilihan ini tidak terdapat to be pada awal kata yang berguna sebagai penjelas atau penunjuk terhadap kegiatan yang sedang atau sudah dilakukan.

Example 2:

My cousin ……. soundly.

a. Is cleaning           
b. Is asking      
c. Is learning
d. Is sleeping

Jawaban: D. Kenapa D? Karena sleep adalah kata yang tidak memerlukan objek atau kita dapat menyebutnya sebagaiIntransitive Verb. Sedangkan pilihan A, B, dan C adalah kata-kata yang membutuhkan objek atau Transitive Verb. Untuk penggunaan to be semua sudah betul karena penggunaan is sebagai to be diikuti oleh subjek yang berarti sedang, jika dalam bahasa Indonesia.

Example 3:

Alice    : Honey, what do you think about this pizza?

Peter    : This pizza ……. very delicious.

a. Not               
b. Tasted
c. Very     
d. Flavor

Jawaban: B. Alasannya adalah karena tasted merupakan bagian dari kata-kata wajib dalam Linking Verb, atau yang didefinisikan sebagai kata kerja yang berfungsi menghubungkan antara subjek dengan pelengkap. Adapun yang termasuk dalam Linking Verb adalah taste, look, seem, feel, remain, smell, become, appear, dan be (am, is, are, was, were).Sedangkan pilihan selain B merupakan kata yang tidak termasuk dalam Linking Verb.

Example 4:

The boy going to the movies
a. he is
b. he always was
c. is relaxing
d. will be

Jawaban: D. Alasannya adalah karena untuk melengkapi kata Going yang butuh to BE. Kalimat di atas telah memiliki subject (the boy) dan memiliki part of verb (going), agar kalimat tersebut benar maka butuh bentuk verb BE agar kalimatnya menjadi komplit. Jawaban A dan B salah karena akan kelebihan subject (he). Jawaban C salah karena akan double verb ING dengan GOING. 

Example 5:

The customer paying the clerk for the clothes.
a. Is
b. Want
c. Can
d. No
e. Are

Kalimat diatas sudah memiliki Subject the customer dan part of verb paying. Kalimat diatas membutuhkan tobe untuk menjadikannya complete verb, maka jawaban dari soal di atas adalah (a) is, karena kalimat yang benar seharusnya adalah The customer is paying the clerk for the clothes.

Referensi : 

http://carabisabahasainggris.com

http://carabisabahasainggris.com/contoh-soal-tentang-kata-kerja-verb-dalam-bahasa-inggris.html

TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2)

1.     Mark Twain _____ the years after the Civil War the “Gilded Age.”

            (A) called

            (B) calling

            (C) he called

            (D) his calls

         Answer :  A
Analysis:

The sentence already has a Subject, that is Mark Twain, 

but there is no verb.

The best answer is (A) because called is Verb and the 

sentence is simple past.

2.      Early ____ toes instead of hooves on their feet.

             (A) horses

             (B) had horses

             (C) horses had

             (D) horses having

         Answer :  C
Analysis:

The sentence doesn’t have Subject and Verb.

The best answer is (C) because horses is Subject 

and had is Verb. The sentence is simple past.

3.       ______ grow close to the ground in the short Arctic summer.

            (A) Above tundra plants

            (B) Tundra plants

            (C) Tundra plants are found

            (D) For tundra plants

        Answer :  B
Analysis:

The sentence doesn’t have Subject but already have Verb, 

and grow is Verb.
The best answer is (B) tundra plants because tundra 

plants as a Subject.

4.       In 1867, ____ Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million.

            (A) purchased the United States

            (B) to purchase the United States

            (C) the United States’ purchase of

            (D) the United States purchased

         Answer :  D
Analysis:

The sentence doesn’t have Subject and Verb.

The best answer is (D) because the united states 

is subject and the verb is purchased.

5.  Between 1725 and 1750, New England witnessed an increase in the specialization of _____.

             (A) occupations

             (B) occupies

             (C) they occupied

             (D) it occupied them

         Answer :  A
Analysis:

The sentence already has subject (New England) 

and verbs is witnessed.

The best answer is (A) because after of should be a noun.

6.       The large carotid artery ____ to the main parts of the brain.

            (A) carrying blood

            (B) blood is carried

            (C) carries blood

            (D) blood carries

         Answer :  C
Analysis:

The sentence already has subject (large carotid artery), 

but there is no verb.

The best answer is (C) carries blood as Verb.

7.       _____ radio as the first practical system of wireless telegraphy.

            (A) Marconi’s development

            (B) The development by Marconi

            (C) Developing Marconi

            (D) Marconi developed

         Answer :  D
Analysis:

The sentence doesn’t have Subject and Verb.

The best answer is (D) Marconi developed.

Because Marconi as subject and developed as verb.

8.       In 1975, the first successful space probe to ____ beginning 

to send information back to Earth.

            (A) Venus

            (B) Venus the

            (C) Venus was

            (D) Venus it was

         Answer :  C
Analysis:

The sentence already has subject (first sucessful space) 

but there is no verb.

The best answer is (C) Venus was. Because was 

as Verb, While Venus isthe object of preposition from to.

9.       The two biggest resort _____ Arkansas are Hot 

    Springs and Eureka Springs.

            (A) in

            (B) towns in

            (C) towns are

            (D) towns are in

         Answer :  B
Analysis:

Arkansas is not the subject, but object of preposition.

Subject is The two biggest resort _____ , while are as Verb

The best answer is (B) towns in. Because Towns is plural 

subject and in line with the verb.

10.    NASA’S Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center _________ control 

center for the Mercury Gemini, and Apollospace flights.

            (A) it was at the

            (B) it was the

            (C) was the

            (D) the

         Answer :  C
Analysis:

The sentence already has subject (Nasa's Lyndon B.Johnson), but there is no verb.

The best answer is (C) was the. Because was the is Verb.